What is the purpose of Tocolytics?
Tocolysis is an obstetrical procedure carried out with the use of medications with the purpose of delaying the delivery of a fetus in women presenting preterm contractions. These medications are administered with the hope of decreasing fetal morbidity and mortality.
What tocolytic drugs are commonly used and what is their purpose?
Commonly used tocolytic medications include β2 agonists, calcium channel blockers, NSAIDs, and magnesium sulfate. These can assist in delaying preterm delivery by suppressing uterine muscle contractions and their use is intended to reduce fetal morbidity and mortality associated with preterm birth.
What are tocolytic drugs examples?
Several different classes of drugs are used for tocolysis, including:
- Betamimetics (such as terbutaline)
- Magnesium sulfate.
- Prostaglandin inhibitors (like indomethacin, ketorolac)
- Calcium channel blockers (such as nifedipine)
- Nitrates (like nitroglycerine)
- Oxytocin receptor blockers (such as atosiban)
What is the mechanism of action of Tocolytics?
… Tocolytic drugs reduce intracellular calcium concentration in the myometrial cells, which activates cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which then blocks the production of prostaglandins or the oxytocin receptor directly.
What is the best tocolytic?
Prostaglandin inhibitors and calcium channel blockers were the tocolytics with the best probability of being ranked in the top three medication classes for the outcomes of 48 hour delay in delivery, respiratory distress syndrome, neonatal mortality, and maternal side effects (all cause).
What drugs are used to stop premature labor contractions?
Tocolytics. Your health care provider might give you a medication called a tocolytic to temporarily slow your contractions.
Why is nifedipine used in pregnancy?
Nifedipine is an effective drug to treat severe hypertension in pregnancy and preterm labour. Because it is given in a tablet or capsule by mouth, it is easier to use than intravenous drugs. The described side effects of nifedipine to the pregnant woman and her infant appear minimal.
When should tocolysis be used?
Healthcare professionals (such as midwives and obstetricians) offer tocolysis as appropriate to women between 26+0 and 33+6 weeks of pregnancy who have intact membranes and are in suspected or diagnosed preterm labour.
Why is magnesium given during labor?
Magnesium sulfate is given as an intravenous infusion or intramuscular injection in the hospital over 12 to 48 hours. It relaxes smooth muscle tissues, which helps to prevent seizures and slow uterine contractions.
What drug relaxes the uterus?
Doctors may try to stop or delay preterm labor by administering a medication called terbutaline (Brethine). Terbutaline is in a class of drugs called betamimetics. They help prevent and slow contractions of the uterus. It may help delay birth for several hours or days.
Why is magnesium sulfate used in pregnancy?
Magnesium sulfate is approved to prevent seizures in preeclampsia, a condition in which the pregnant woman develops high blood pressure and protein in the urine, and for control of seizures in eclampsia. Both preeclampsia and eclampsia are life-threatening complications that can occur during pregnancy.
Why is labetalol used in pregnancy?
Labetalol can help to control high blood pressure and therefore reduces the risk of pregnancy complications.
Why is methyldopa used in pregnancy?
Methyldopa can prevent the complications caused by hypertension (high blood pressure) in pregnancy, and a related condition called pre-eclampsia. These complications include preterm birth, low birth weight in the baby, and illness in both the mother and baby which is sometimes serious.
Why is mgso4 used in eclampsia?
Magnesium sulfate is a mineral that reduces seizure risks in women with preeclampsia. A healthcare provider will give the medication intravenously. Sometimes, it’s also used to prolong pregnancy for up to two days. This allows time for corticosteroid drugs to improve the baby’s lung function.
What is antidote of magnesium sulphate?
Calcium gluconate: the antidote for magnesium toxicity is calcium gluconate 1 g IV over 3 minutes. Repeat doses may be necessary. Calcium chloride can also be used in lieu of calcium gluconate.
What drug is used to stop contractions?
Drugs called tocolytics (pronounced toh-coh-LIT-iks) can be given to many women with symptoms of preterm labor. These drugs can slow or stop contractions of the uterus and may prevent labor for 2 to 7 days.
What type of drug is oxytocin?
Oxytocin is in a class of medications called oxytocic hormones. It works by stimulating uterine contractions.
What is nifedipine used for in pregnancy?
It is used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension) and chest pain (angina). Sometimes it is used to stop labor before 37 weeks of pregnancy (preterm delivery). Some brand names for nifedipine are Procardia®, Adalat CC®, and Afeditab CR®.
What beta blockers are used in pregnancy?
Among this group, 2628 (0.7%) were exposed to β-blockers during the first trimester of pregnancy. The 4 most commonly prescribed β-blockers were labetalol (n = 3357), atenolol (n = 638), propranolol (n = 489), and metoprolol (n = 324).
Which drug is used for hypertension in pregnancy?
The drugs most commonly used—methyldopa, labetalol, and nifedipine—are widely accepted as safe in pregnancy, based on many years of experience, observational data from large databases, and meta‐analyses of multiple small clinical trials.
What is the difference between eclampsia and preeclampsia?
Preeclampsia and eclampsia are pregnancy-related high blood pressure disorders. Preeclampsia is a sudden spike in blood pressure. Eclampsia is more severe and can include seizures or coma.
What is oxytocin used for in pregnancy?
Oxytocin injection is used to begin or improve contractions during labor. Oxytocin also is used to reduce bleeding after childbirth. It also may be used along with other medications or procedures to end a pregnancy. Oxytocin is in a class of medications called oxytocic hormones.
What is another name for oxytocin?
What is another word for oxytocin?
pictosin | pitocin |
---|---|
syntocinon | cuddle hormone |
Why is propranolol used in pregnancy?
Propranolol can prevent high blood pressure from getting worse during pregnancy and reduces the risk of complications. Propranolol is also an effective treatment for some people with anxiety and can therefore improve metal health and wellbeing. Some women will be taking propranolol before pregnancy.
What are the 4 types of hypertension in pregnancy?
What are the types of high blood pressure during pregnancy?
- Chronic hypertension. In chronic hypertension, high blood pressure develops either before pregnancy or during the first 20 weeks of pregnancy.
- Chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia.
- Gestational hypertension.
- Preeclampsia.